As a high energy density, high voltage rechargeable battery, Li-ion batteries are widely used in various portable electronic devices and electric vehicles. However, Li-ion batteries require precise control during charging and discharging to ensure safety and extend battery life. Protection boards (also known as protection circuits) are an important part of the safe use of lithium batteries, providing protection against overcharge, overdischarge, overcurrent and short circuit. The following is an exhaustive analysis of charging lithium batteries without protection plates.
The role of protection board
The protection board is a key component for the safe use of lithium batteries, and its main roles include:
1. Overcharge protection: prevent the battery charging voltage from exceeding the safety threshold, avoid damage to the positive electrode material and possible thermal runaway.
2. Over-discharge protection: preventing the battery discharge voltage from falling below the safety threshold, avoiding the damage of negative electrode material and the reduction of battery life.
3. Over-current protection: Limit the current through the battery to prevent damage caused by excessive current.
4. Short-circuit protection: Cut off the current when an external short circuit is detected, preventing the battery from overheating and possible thermal runaway.
Risks of charging without a protective plate
1. Overcharge Risk: Without overcharge protection, the battery may be charged beyond its maximum safe voltage, resulting in overheating, expansion or even explosion.
2. Over-discharge risk: Without over-discharge protection, the battery may be discharged to too low a voltage, damaging the negative electrode material and reducing battery life.
3. Overcurrent Risk: When charging or discharging at high current, the lack of overcurrent protection may cause the battery to overheat and damage the battery structure.
4. Short-circuit risk: Without short-circuit protection, the battery may generate a large amount of heat in case of external short-circuit, causing combustion or explosion.
Charging lithium batteries directly without protection boards is a very risky behavior.
Lithium battery protection plate is an important component of lithium battery, its main functions include overcharge protection, overdischarge protection, short-circuit protection, temperature protection and equalization of charge and discharge. These protection mechanisms ensure the safety and stability of lithium batteries in the process of use.
First of all, overcharge protection is one of the core functions of lithium battery protection board. When the voltage of the lithium battery exceeds the set value during charging, the protection board will cut off the external power supply to prevent the battery from continuing to charge, in order to avoid overcharging resulting in battery performance degradation, safety risks and shortened life. Without the protection board, the lithium battery may continue to charge until the voltage is too high, which may cause a safety accident.
Secondly, over-discharge protection is also an important function of the protection board. When the voltage of lithium battery is lower than the set value during discharge, the protection plate will cut off the connection between the battery and the load, preventing the battery from continuing to discharge, and avoiding the over-discharge that causes excessive battery loss, capacity decline, and the inability to recover and other problems. Lithium batteries without protection boards may be over-discharged during the discharge process, resulting in battery damage or even causing safety accidents.
In addition, short circuit protection is also one of the important functions of the protection board. When the lithium battery is short-circuited, the protection plate will quickly cut off the output of the battery and prevent the excessive current from causing thermal runaway, fire or explosion inside the battery. Lithium batteries without protection boards may have serious accidents when short-circuited.
Finally, the equalization charging and discharging function is especially important for lithium battery packs. Li-ion battery packs consist of multiple individual cells, each of which may have different characteristics. The protection board can detect the over-voltage, under-voltage, over-current, short-circuit and over-temperature status of each single cell in the battery pack, and extend the service life of the battery by equalizing charging and discharging. Lithium battery packs without protection boards may have inconsistent performance of individual cells, affecting the performance and life of the entire battery pack.
To summarize, there is a great safety risk in charging lithium batteries directly without protection plates. In order to protect the safety and stability of lithium batteries, it is recommended to use lithium batteries with protection plates and ensure that the relevant safety norms are observed during use and charging.
