Automotive lead-acid batteries are a traditional type of batteries with mature production technology and a wide range of applications. Its advantages are mainly manifested in the lower cost, mature production and recycling channels, and relatively small pollution of the environment. And one of the most representative products is the starter-lighting-ignition (SLI)
lead-acid battery, which is mainly used for automobile starting and electrical system power supply.
The basic structure of a lead-acid battery consists of a positive and negative plate, an electrolyte, and a partition. The positive plate is mainly composed of lead dioxide, while the negative plate is spongy lead. During discharge, the lead compounds on the positive and negative plates are converted to lead sulfate, and during charging they are converted back to their original substance.
Despite the advantages of lead-acid batteries such as low cost, they also have a number of shortcomings, such as lower energy density, limited cycle life (typically 300-500 cycles) and heavier weight. In addition, lead-acid batteries perform poorly in extreme temperatures, require regular maintenance, and have problems with possible damage from over-discharge.
The advantages of lithium batteries in the automotive field
Lithium batteries are a new type of batteries that have been developing rapidly in the automotive field in recent years, which use lithium metal or lithium alloy as the anode material, and a non-aqueous electrolyte. The advantages of lithium battery are high energy density, light weight, long cycle life and excellent high and low temperature performance.
Lithium batteries have more than three times the energy density of lead-acid batteries, which means that lithium batteries are capable of storing more electrical energy in the same volume or weight. Lithium batteries typically have a cycle life of more than 1,000 cycles, and many high-quality lithium batteries can even reach more than 5,000 cycles. The lighter weight also allows lithium batteries to be widely used in electric vehicles where weight reduction is required.
In addition, lithium batteries charge and discharge faster, and there is no memory effect, simplifying the maintenance process. Moreover, lithium batteries have a wider operating temperature range than lead-acid batteries, resulting in better environmental adaptability. In terms of environmental protection, lithium batteries do not contain heavy metals and harmful substances, more in line with contemporary green requirements.
